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What is the stopping potential ? A value of hwill be determined from the graph of the \stopping" potential V 0 as a function of . Gradually increase the applied voltage by turning the knob counter clockwise until the In the unbiased condition a potential barrier is developed across the p-n junction of the LED. Potential.Effect of frequency on the stopping potential.The frequency of incident light is directly proportional to the maximum kinetic energy of the electrons. This potential dif-ference is called the stopping potential. From this data, calculate \(W_0\) and \(h\). These ejected electrons are called photoelectrons.It is important to note that the emission of photoelectrons and the kinetic energy of the ejected photoelectrons is dependent on the frequency of the light that is incident on the metal's surface. Demonstrate that light can behave as a particle and also determine Planck's constant. The potential at which this occurs is called the stopping potential. Step 6: Insert the "BLUE" filter in the phototube and wait for 3-4 minutes before start taking the reading. of the stopping potential for the corresponding wavelength in Table 1. The measurement of Planck's constant by use of the photoelectric effect . 2. This experiment is car-ried out using a photocell, which consists of a metal surface (cathode), and a metal ring (anode) sealed in a vacuum. By applying a potential difference across the cathode and anode, opposing the electron path, the flow of photoelectrons can be made to stop. way is needed to determine the presence or absence of current in the phototube circuit. Calculate the ratio of radii of the circular paths described by them. Therefore, the work function determined in any such experiment is W coll, the work function of the collector.This is a perfectly general conclusion, and applies equally when W coll is less than W. 10 . V. 0. from a plot of the anode current . This particular voltage is called the knee voltage or the threshold voltage. Increasing the voltage drives increasingly more energetic electrons back until finally none of them are able to leave the metal surface and the microammeter reads zero. Explain the expected relationship between the intensity of light shined on a photocell and the measured voltage and current coming from the cell. Plot a graph of the stopping potential as a function of frequency, and determine the slope and the \(y\)-intercept of the graph. When illuminated by light above the cut-off frequency, the photoelectrons flow from the cathode to the anode and create a detectable photocurrent. The maximum kinetic energy of electrons emitted by a photocell is 5 eV. This indicates that there will be a greater requirement of retarding potential to stop the electrons from emitting out of the metal plate. THEORY: The energy of a photon is given by the equation: E = h (1) Where E is the energy of a photon, is its frequency, and ( h) is Planck's constant. Thus, the maximum kinetic energy of an ejected electron can be measured by finding the stopping voltage, V o: The stopping voltage, V o, is the minimum potential across the photocell required to stop all current through the photocell. This voltage will depend on the wavelength of incident light (photonic energy). Record the voltage on the meter connected to VSTOP. To measure K max, you must determine the smallest value of this reverse voltage that just reduces the photocurrent to zero. The photocell had a sodium cathode. . Q-20. Gold Glitter Watercolor Shapes ( Png ) Overlays. When illuminated by light above the cut-off frequency, the photoelectrons flow from the cathode to the anode and create a detectable photocurrent. This value of potential you know is known as stopping potential. The photoelectric effect is a phenomenon in which electrons are ejected from the surface of a metal when light is incident on it. held at a positive potential relative to a large area photocathode. stopping potential where eVs = hf - where e is equal to the electronic charge (1.6 x 10-19 C), and VS is the stopping potential (volts). A photoelectric-effect experiment finds a stopping potential of 2.0 V when . V is the 'stopping' potential. . Set us as shown in diagram. To determine the stopping potential from the photocurrent versus applied potential graph. FORMULA USED: Planck's constant is h = eV /, where e is an electronic charge, V is voltage reading in voltmeter, v is the frequency of particular LED color. Theory: During his experiments on electromagnetic radiation (to demonstrate light consists of e-m waves), Hertz noticed a spark between the two metallic balls when a high frequency radiation incident on it. determination of planck's constant using photocell experiment pdf . By nding this voltage we calculate We let light of dierent frequencies strike this emit-ter. applying a retarding potential (Vr) across a vacuum gap in a circuit with an amp meter. Normal Photocell . You will use The maximum kinetic energy of an electron leaving the plate is given by: K max = e V o where, e = 1.602 10-19 C is the charge on an electron, and V stop is the stopping . In the experiment you will measure the retarding potential required to stop the photoelectric current as a function of frequency, or reciprocal wavelength: c= and therefore, = c= where cis the speed of light. Download or View the Physics Question Bank Class 12. the electric field, the electrons will stop before reaching the anode. The Time: 3 Hours Marks: 70. . 1. The intermediate situation, where the two electrodes have approximately the same work function is a case of some significance in many contemporary laboratory experiments. THEORY: The energy of a photon is given by the equation: E = h (1) Where E is the energy of a photon, is its frequency, and (h) is Planck's constant. To determine Planck's constant h, we take the slope s from our graph and calculate . where e = the electronic charge 1.602 x 10-19 C and Vs is the stopping potential. = Einstein's theory predicts that if the frequency of the incident light is varied, and the 'stopping' potential, V, is plotted as a function of frequency, the slope of the line is h/e (see Figure 1). eV S = K max = h V Compare this value of \(h\) with that provided in the "Introduction" section of this experiment. for background, scrapbooking, invites, card design, textile or any graphic projects! By experimentally determining the stopping potential for several values of the frequency of the incident light and using (5) above, Planck's constant can be determined. 4) Slowly turn the VSTOP knob until the meter reading the PHOTOCURRENT just reads zero. In standard photocell operation, current is read from an anode that is held at a positive potential relative to a large area photocathode. h / e. from this line and . Thank you for visiting my shop! After each experiment the photocell is connected to the ground to download. You can contact me for animation apps of your projects and all kinds of support. randall letter opener. Name a phenomenon which illustrates the particle nature of light. of light, of frequency greater than the threshold frequency, is placed at a distance be 'd' from the cathode of a photocell. When we connect the LED to an external voltage in the forward biased direction, the height of potential barrier across the p-n junction is reduced. PEN356 REPORT FORMAT 1. V. 0. versus the frequency (three data points). The light energy emitted during forward biasing is given as , Where c -velocity of light. Once the knee voltage is reached, the current may increase but the voltage does not change. (iii)Give an application of the photoelectric effect. Planck' s constant experiment viva questions with answers pdf Sources/Information Required to Explain/Understand the Experiment : 1. Determine the stopping voltage, Vo, for the following wavelengths of light: a. 3. Spectral lines of 546 nm wavelength will shine on the cathode in the photocell. Plot the data (stopping potential versus frequency). Following circuit was set up in a meter bridge experiment to determine the value . On one side of this gap is the photoelectron emitter, a metal with work function W0. The stopping potential measured in this experiment allows you to calculate the kinetic energy of the electrons as they leave the metal plate in the photoelectric cell. Draw kinetic energy of photoelectrons as a function of frequency of incident radiation. 1.1. Figure 1 Normal Photocell Operation In this experiment, we measure the electron energy by operating the photocell in reverse. of voltage. is placed at a distance 'd' from the cathode of a photocell. 6000 b. V. Figure 1: Photocell and connection diagram . using the . Rotate voltage adjustor knob and apply voltages 0-15.0 V, at an interval of 2.0 V and measure the corresponding current by keeping voltage/current measuring (display mode) switch towards current. Using IBSE they share responsibility within the . . h - Planck's constant. -wavelength of light. These points should lie on a straight line (see equation 1). 3) Set the Stopping Voltage (VSTOP) to zero and record the PHOTOCURRENT. Rotate the filter wheel until the 546 nm filter is aligned with the white index line. If the potential dierence between the cath-ode and the anode is adjusted, the electrons can be stopped from reaching the anode. retarding potential, and photoelectrons from the cathode are repelled from the anode. Determine . This value, V S, is called the stopping potential, and measures the maximum photoelectron kinetic energy. State Einsteins photoelectric equation in mathematical form. high quality 300 dpi 2000x1180 px 6''x4''inc ( 16x10cm" ) 20 Png Transparent Overlays. For each wavelength, determine the stopping potential . A schematic diagram of the phototube circuit using the Phot o- You will get here all the important questions for class 12 Physics chapter wise . Procedure Part 1: APPARATUS o Welch photoelectric tube apparatus o filters with known cut-off frequencies It is a measure of the maximum kinetic energy of the electrons emitted as a result of the photoelectric effect. (i) Draw a diagram to show the structure of a photocell. Remember to use Ohms law to convert this voltage to a current. (CBSE Delhi 2019) Answer: . Q-19. Then plot . their normal state, energy is emitted. The current in the photocell is reduced to zero by stopping potential of 2 V. Find the threshold wavelength of the material of cathode. Given: Stopping potential = V s = 2 V, wavelength of incident light = = 2000 = 2000 x 10 -10 m, speed of light = c = 3 x 10 8 m/s, Planck's constant = h = 6.63 x 10 -34 Js, Charge on electron = e = 1.6 . The inquiry-based teaching addresses the question of how the students make observations, develop hypotheses about phenomena, and devise tests to investigate their hypotheses. B. The photocell experiment is designed to measure the stopping potential on the anode (collector) that stops the flow of electric current from the cathode by applying a negative potential on the. nonstandard use of a photocell. DATA. When eVr = Kmax we will cease to see any current through the circuit. This question bank is designed by NCERT keeping in mind and the questions are updated with respect to upcoming Board exams. Then, electric current is zero. Now the point is clear, also the emitted photon energy (hv) will be the same as the electrical energy of the electron (eV). The stopping potential is found to be V. If the distance of the light source is reduced to d/n (where n>1 . See how light knocks electrons off a metal target, and recreate the experiment that spawned the field of quantum mechanics. 3. After reaching a certain tension, the stopping potential will be greater than the photoelectron kinetic energy, and these will not have enough energy to reach the second plate. 5) Repeat steps 3-5 for the other Intensity Switch settings 2, 3, and 4. CBSE Sample Paper Class 12 Physics 2018-19. I. versus the retarding potential . Figure 2. To determine Planck's Constant, we equate two energy. By experimentally determining the stopping potential for several values of frequency and using the above equation, Planck's constant can be experimentally determined and compared with the known value. The current in the circuit increases. 11. A Photoelectric Module has been designed using high gain current amplifiers for easy measurement of the stopping potential for the IP39 phototube for several different fre-quencies of incident light. If V is the forward voltage applied across the . AIMS AND EXPECTATIONS OF THE EXPERIMENT In this experiment we will : A. The stopping voltage, at which this just happens, can be used to calculate the ratio h/e, by the equation Vs= h e f m e. (3.2) The stopping potential is found to be V. If the distance of the light source is reduced to d/n (where n > 1 . These important questions will play significant role in clearing concepts of Physics. 5770 c. 5460 d. 4358 e. 4050 . Make and Use Graphs A student completed a photoelectric-effect experiment and recorded the stopping potential as a function of wavelength, as shown in Table 27-1. Bring the light source closer to the photocell. Q-21. Step 7: Now keep the voltage/current measuring (display mode) switch towards voltage. 10. C. Determine the stopping potential from the photocurrent versus applied potential graph. The aim of this experiment was to utilize the Inquiry Based Science Education, (IBSE) in order to offer the students a better understanding of the light-matter interaction. The name of these two are . In a photoelectric effect experiment, the following graphs were obtained between the . Download as PDF. 6.2 The apparatus 4. See diagram (ii) Describe an experiment to demonstrate how the current through a photocell can be increased.